Conjunctivitis bacterial | Symptoms | Sign | Treatment | Prevention | Types


Inflammation of the Conjunctiva is Classically defined as conjunctival hyperemia associated with a discharge that may be watery, mucoid, mucopurulent, or purulent.

 It is also known as pink eye. It is a communicable or sexually transmitted disease. Gonorrhea can also bring a rare but dangerous form of bacterial conjunctivitis. It may also lead a vision loss if it is not treated on time. Chlamydia may also lead to conjunctivitis or if you have other bacteria on your body when you gave birth, it can transfer pink eye to your baby through your birth canal.

As you know it is a communicable disease that can spread easily from one person to another, but it is not a serious health issue if diagnosed promptly. It is also common in newborn babies, you have to consult with your doctor suddenly because it may infect your baby's vision.


Clinical Types of Conjunctivitis

  1. Chronic Bacterial Conjunctivitis
  2. Chronic angular Conjunctivitis
  3. Acute Catarrhal or mucopurulant Conjunctivitis
  4. Purulent Conjunctivitis
  5. Acute membranous Conjunctivitis
  6. Acute Pseudomembranous Conjunctivitis

Symptoms

  •  You may feel discomfort and foreign body sensation.
  •  Mild Photophobia
  • You may notice mucopurulent, purulent, watery, mucoid Discharge
  • Sticking together of lid margin with discharge during sleep.
  • Slight blurring of vision.
  • Itching of eye
  • Swelling of the lid margin


Sign

  • Conjunctival congestion
  • Chemosis Swelling of Conjunctiva
  • Petechial hemorrhage -Pneumococcus
  • Flakes of mucopus are seen in fornices canthi and lid margin.
  • Cilia are usually matted together with yellow crust.
  • Eyelids may be slightly oedematous.


Treatment

  1. Topical Antibiotics
  2. Irrigate the conjunctival sac with sterile warm saline once or twice a day.
  3. Dark Goggles
  4. Anti-Inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

Prevention

  1. Wash your hand often.
  2. It is better not to touch your eye with your hand.
  3. don't share your personal belongings things such as towels, washcloths, eye cosmetics, etc.
  4. Change your pillowcases often
  5. Cold compression (Take an ice cube and apply them to your conjunctivitis eye)
  6. Don't touch eye drops in your eye.
  7. Use eyeglasses or sunglasses to protect your eyes from wind, sun, etc.
  8. Do not use another cosmetic to your eye.
  9. Keep your eye clean( remove discharge from your eye).

When to see a doctor

There are many serious eye conditions that can cause Redness in your eye. If your eye starts getting redness, eye pain, irrigation ( foreign body sensation), blurred vision, and photophobia then you have to go to the hospital for a check-up.
If you wear contact lenses then you need to stop when you notice any of these symptoms.

Risk factors

  1. If you have allergy of anything and you exposure of that things you may get allergic conjunctivitis.
  2. Exposure of someone who is infected with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis.
  3. Using of contact lenses for long periods of time.

 Complications

Usually, conjunctivitis can be recovered within 3-4 days after the medicine that your doctor prescribed. Mild conjunctivitis is almost harmless and will get better without treatment. But in some cases pinkeye can become serious and sight-threatening because conjunctivitis can scar your eye.

Type of conjunctivitis

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

This conjunctivitis is normally caused by bacteria. It is common conjunctivitis.
There is occurred a relative decrease in the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in general and these are caused by Gonococcus and corynebacterium Diphtheria in particular.

The signs and symptoms are the same but you may notice mucopurulent discharge.

Viral conjunctivitis

This conjunctivitis is due to viruses. These viral infections are caused by an adenovirus that affects the epithelium of both conjunctiva and cornea.
You may notice watery discharge, other symptoms may be similar.
For treatment, your doctor may prescribe 
  • Antiviral drugs
  •  Topical artificial tear

Allergic conjunctivitis

Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva due to allergic or hypersensitive reactions. It is due to some allergic substance that makes your body's immune system overreacting. It may be seasonal also. You may notice mild mucoid discharge.
Treatment is similar to bacterial conjunctivitis
Topical Antibiotics

What happens to the newborn baby

Conjunctivitis which affects children is known as neonatal conjunctivitis. It is due to neonatal bacterial infections which can be non-infectious. Infectious neonatal conjunctivitis is due to contact during vaginal delivery from exposure to bacteria from the birth canal.

Symptoms

  1. Pain and tenderness in the eyeball
  2. Conjunctival discharge
  3. Conjunctival hyperemia and chemosis
  4. Swelling of eyelid

Conjunctivitis is a Communicable disease so, I suggest you take care of your health. It can be serious also. It is good to go for a regular check-up.

 Written by: Barsha Panth
Location: United States

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